Indirect object pronouns: me, te, le, nos, os, les

Explicación

Indirect object pronouns mark the recipient or beneficiary — the 'to/for whom' of the action. The set is me, te, le, nos, os, les, with le/les for the third person regardless of gender: le di el libro ('I gave him/her the book'), les escribí ('I wrote to them').

A defining feature of Spanish: the pronoun is normally used even when the recipient is also named in full. This clitic doubling is standard, not redundant: le di el libro a Juan, les avisé a los vecinos. Dropping the le there sounds wrong to native ears.

Placement follows the usual clitic rules (before conjugated verbs; attached to infinitives, gerunds, and affirmative commands). And before a direct object pronoun, le/les turn into se: se lo di, not *le lo di — see the double-object se rule.

Ejemplos

Reglas relacionadas

• Direct object pronouns: me, te, lo, la, nos, os, los, las
• Se lo, se la: le + lo becomes se lo